These variables were transformed appropriately to dummy variables.
Where raw data did not display heterogeneity of variance, it was transformed appropriately (see Howell 1997).
CRP, which could not be transformed appropriately, was analyzed as a categorical variable in tertiles and as a continuous logarithmically transformed variable.
A linear regression model and an ordinal logistic regression model were also attempted; however, these models could not be used because the outcome data were not normally distributed and could not be transformed appropriately for linear regression and because the assumptions for the ordinal logistic regression model could not be satisfied.
The probability of the confidence interval is defined as [ 27] where (a', b') = for Eq. 2, but change to a' → - ∞ or b' → ∞, as appropriate, in Eq. 3. By making a change of variables, x = (l' - λ)/(σ S ), the theorem of Integration by Substitution [ 31] can be invoked to obtain where erf is the Gaussian error function [ 28] and where limits have been transformed appropriately.
The key of multi-scale top-hat transform is appropriately organizing and using multi-scale top-hat transform to extract the multi-scale image features.
However, the need to make sense of this emergent representation and to attend to its structure in order to transform it appropriately are lost in his next steps, pointing to sporadic and partial presence of some mathematical practices.
It therefore follows that a competence set is a collection of generic competences widely distributed across the three institutional spheres and hence highlights that competences can be consciously reconfigured, redirected, transformed and appropriately shaped, and integrated into existing competences as well as external resources (cf. Teece et al. 1997).
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We can validate the proposed method which can appropriately transform the original flows to the turbulent boundary layer flows at higher-Reynolds number.
