The literature on technology transfer has focussed on North-South transfer and has analysed transfer as a largely technical process.
As energy transport processes are integrated in most industrial areas, the development of more efficient and compact heat transfer equipment has focused a lot of attention during the last decades.
Recent criticism of UK aid spending has focused on cash transfers to Pakistan, which a senior Tory MP and member of the Commons international development committee likened to "exporting the dole".
First-level agenda-setting research has focused on the transfer of salience about specific topics, or objects, covered in the news media and subsequently adopted by the public.
Even the president's brother, Moeletsi Mbeki, a member of the business elite himself, has lamented that black empowerment has focused more on transferring equity than on encouraging entrepreneurship and has thus created a culture of entitlement and dependency in the black middle class.
As a result, the German political discussion has focused on reductions of public transfers for the elderly and an increase of transfers for the younger generation.
Up to this point, this post has focused solely on the process of transferring miles from one person to another within the same rewards program.
Much of the research interest has focused on discussing the role of Public Research Organizations PROO) in the generation and transfer of knowledge.
With financing from Novartis, Vertex has focused on a family of more than 500 proteins known as kinases, which are involved in transferring signals within cells.
European politics has focused so far on providing public credit to the crisis countries at near-zero interest rates, which eventually may morph into transfers.
