Leaves were harvested after different time periods and different treatments with feeding and/or egg laying by the elm leaf beetle, artificial transfer of egg clutches (to distinguish between egg laying and feeding effects), and spraying with MeJA.
Likewise, similar patterns of transcript abundances were observed between untreated plants (C), feeding-induced plants (F), and plants with the experimental imitation of the egg laying event by transfer of egg clutches (E).
Five cDNA libraries were generated from leaves of (i) untreated control elms, and elms treated with (ii) egg laying and feeding by elm leaf beetles, (iii) feeding, (iv) artificial transfer of egg clutches, and (v) methyl jasmonate.
Normalization based on sequence sample size and analysis using R statistics provided the basis for comparative gene expression analysis using EST frequencies across five different biological treatments: egg laying and feeding by X. luteola (EF), feeding (F), transfer of egg clutches (E), methyl jasmonate spraying (MeJA) and an untreated control (C).
The CL4176 strain was synchronized by lysis and transfer of unlaid eggs onto 60-mm culture plates seeded with bacteria containing control plasmid (empty vector, FV) or plasmids expressing dsRNA against targeted genes.
Pinworm infection is spread by the transfer of pinworm eggs from the anus to someone's mouth.
The transfer of the egg can be awkward and difficult, and many couples drop the egg in the process.
We used logistic regression to model how Se concentration in eggs influenced the probability of Hg transfer to eggs at levels above our detection limits.
The observation that Sr transfer only ranged from 0.29 to 0.40 μg despite a 10-fold range in total body burdens between sites suggests that the upper limit of Sr transfer to eggs may have been approached.
Adult female fish can accumulate greater concentrations of SeMet from food in aquatic ecosystems contaminated with selenium (Se), and maternal transfer to eggs increases the incidence of developmental toxicities and mortality in F1 generation larval fish.
