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They identified an enzyme (reverse transcriptase) in the virus that synthesizes DNA that contains the information in the viral RNA.
DNA complementary to the 5' end of mRNAom was obtained from a partially purified preparation of mRNAom by polymerization by reverse transcriptase in the presence of a restriction fragment primer from pOM100.
"That intrigued me, and I looked in the ALS literature and saw that people had reported they could see reverse transcriptase in the blood".
Contamination with genomic DNA was excluded by RNA controls without reverse transcriptase in the cDNA synthesis reaction.
Adding intra-RT cross-terms (Model-3) gave a further improvement, thus confirming the existence of cooperative effects of mutations in the transcriptase in the development of resistance.
Total RNA (1 µg) was first digested by DNAse I and then subjected to reverse transcription in a 20 µl reaction mixture using random primers and RevertAid™ M-MuLV Reverse Transcriptase in the presence of RNAseOUT.
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For all primers, a control amplification was performed with the total RNA in absence of reverse transcriptase, in these controls the signal was absent or extremely low indicating that contamination of our total RNA samples was negligible.
The splice junction is specific to RNA-derived spacers and not genomic DNA or cDNA copies generated by alternative reverse transcriptases in the E. coli genome.
While there are many reverse transcriptases in the market, all claiming to be highly sensitive, there is need for a systematic independent comparison of their applicability in quantification of rare RNA transcripts or low copy RNA, such as those obtained from archival tissues.
We believe that including the relics more accurately reflects the activity of reverse transcriptases in the evolutionary history when the introns were lost.
A major, ongoing challenge in HIV treatment is drug resistance arising from mutations generated by the error-prone HIV reverse transcriptase in conjunction with the rapid replication of the virus.
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