In summary, aside from a full copy of the blockchain, a node also keeps additional data structures, such as the unspent transaction outputs cache or the unconfirmed transactions' memory pool, so it can quickly validate new received transactions and mined blocks.
Asanovic says that by adding a small backup memory cache to the hardware, and by adding software to recognize when the transactions are overflowing, the capacity of transactional memory can be increased, alleviating previous system failures.
Milind Kulkarni, L. Paul Chew, and Keshav Pingali, Using Transactions in Delaunay Mesh Generation, Workshop on Transactional Memory Workloads (WTW), June 2006.
Software transactional memory borrows from database theory the concept of atomic transactions and applies them to memory accesses.
Current industry proposals for hardware transactional memory focus on best-effort solutions where hardware limits are imposed on transactions.
The Transactional Memory (TM) paradigm aims at simplifying the development of concurrent applications by means of the familiar abstraction of atomic transaction.
When one transaction is accessing memory and another transaction needs to access the same part of the memory, and proper safeguards aren't put in place, a system can crash.
Also, the transfer rate is better for grouped memory transaction using blocks of the proper size than that for serialized, one-by-one memory transaction.
We simulated various values for data bus width, page size, and row-access time of eDRAM, pipeline delay of a memory transaction, and data cache line size.
