Artificial devices such as the synthetic riboswitch have shown potential to introduce unnatural phenotypic perturbation because its synthetic traits are distinct from that of innate metabolism.
The analysis of data sets containing groups of repetitive traits (that is, distinct traits representing slightly different measurements of a same "baseline" phenotypic trait) must be conducted with care.
Furthermore, endurance and susceptibility were distinct genetic traits (rg = 0.22 ± 0.25).
Our findings suggest that psoriasis, in particular severe psoriasis, increases the risk for T2D and MI, and that the genetic architecture of psoriasis and cardiometabolic traits is largely distinct.
Most notably, while some of adaptations of P. pastoris to oxygen availability were consistent with previous transcriptome, proteome and metabolic flux studies reported for S. cerevisiae, distinct traits were identified which were, to our knowledge, previously unreported.
This study also indicates that common genetic variants associated with ADHD may be associated with pragmatic language ability in the general population, a trait measure that is distinct from the core deficits of ADHD.
Questionnaires measuring characteristics such as empathy may fail to distinguish affective and cognitive components, which some argue are distinct traits, and are differentially associated with ASD and callous unemotional traits.
Extraversion and neuroticism are distinct traits that systematically vary within and between populations6,22.
Whilst gender and sexuality are distinct traits, Butler's notions of performativity certainly rings true for homosexual norms.
Mendel's work provided examples where traits were definitely not blended after hybridization, showing that traits are produced by combinations of distinct genes rather than a continuous blend.
Although it is difficult to draw a sharp line between cognitive and non-cognitive skills (Almlund et al. 2011), the term "non-cognitive skills" is used by economists for a wide range of traits which are believed to be distinct from skills measured by IQ tests and achievement tests, such as personality, motivation or interests.
