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Second, the trade-off is contingent on the rate of change of the environmental variable to which the trait maps.
A trait maps to a region if deletion of that region accounts for the variance in that trait.
Quantitative and qualitative trait maps have also been developed [ 23- 26], and some effort has been made to identify homoeologue sets based on sequence data from the putative progenitor species T. occidentale[ 17, 26].
In order to determine if alterations of FU are responsible for SD1, the FU coding region (exons 3 29) and the flanking intronic regions were sequenced using genomic DNA from an affected member of an SD1 family whose trait maps to the 2q34-q36 region [ 17] and an unrelated control individual.
We find that both trait-specific QTL peaks (the point of the QTL with the lowest probability of a chance association with a specific trait) and QTL-specific peaks (accounting for pleiotropy, where more than one trait maps to a locus) are over-represented in non-IBD regions (χ = 42.6, df = 1, p = 6.6x10−11 for trait-specific peaks and χ = 16.8, df = 1, p = 4.03x10−05 for QTL-specific peaks).
Assuming the trait maps linearly onto flux, then the relationship between fitness and flux is (4) where w G (F) is the fitness of a genotype with relative flux F through the pathway, σ is a measure of the strength of stabilizing selection, with large σ indicting weak selection, and is the optimal flux through the pathway, at which relative fitness is maximal (equal to 1).
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Churchill, G.A. & Doerge, R.W. Empirical threshold values for quantitative trait mapping.
Churchill, G. A. & Doerge, R. W. Empirical threshold values for quantitative trait mapping.
Accumulated evidence from trait mapping studies emphasizes that plant breeders work within a trait genetic complexity continuum.
As complex disease loci often fall outside these protein-coding regions14,37, cHD is then the method of choice for complex trait mapping.
Multi-parent populations overcome the limitations of traditional trait mapping and offer new potential to accurately define the genetic basis of complex crop traits.
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