Although friends say the men have never thought of carrying out attacks in the United States, F.B.I. officials worry that with their training, ideology and American passports, there is a real danger that they could.
Any training ideology that relies on your being a "pack leader" or an "alpha" instead of a loving parent to your dog is misguided.
But when there is now a trend of female-to-male transgender Smith undergraduates raising questions about "what is a Smithie?" – and even what is a woman, or a man – how do we justify women-only events, training or ideologies?
Veteran observers of Nigeria's struggle with Islamists say Ansaru has closer ties to Al Qaeda's regional affiliate, in terms of both training and ideology, than any other extremist group in Nigeria.
"If the Islamic State is going to support fighters in the Caucasus with finances, training, and ideology, that's a big danger," he said.
He had strength of character and integrity, and as a student of the game was always looking to embrace new training methods and ideologies.
"We are talking about a state that has a military and ideological basis," said Mr Hussein, "so that means they want everyone to learn how to use a rifle, but they also want everybody to have training in their ideology, in other words brainwashing".
There, they would spread their socialist and genocidal ideologies while training Arab jihadists in terrorist tactics.
These may still be to come but for now it seems the connection between the Paris attackers and AQAP is more one of inspiration, ideology and training rather than close direction and leadership.
Calvin grew up immersed in Hamas' ideology, receiving training as a young teenager.
