"We're already on track to deliver on a number of the report's key recommendations, such as overhauling the training and education for social workers following [government adviser] Sir Martin Narey's review, giving trainees the expertise they need in critical areas like neglect.
The Toyota Kenya Academy equips African trainees with expertise in car maintenance, construction equipment and agricultural machinery.
These processes are complemented by scaffolding, during which trainees' levels of expertise are assessed, and trainees are challenged with tasks that are tailored to these levels.
The CA model of undergraduate supervision has found resonance only in research on training in counselling and psychotherapy which supports a developmental model of supervision that accounts for trainees' level of expertise [ 12].
Furthermore, we plan to incorporate additional measures in the future as consensus is reached among the clinical and academic communities on outcomes of greatest importance and as our team grows and develops to include investigators, collaborators, and trainees with complementary expertise in mental health and other relevant fields.
Her role is becoming increasingly skilled – she is now working towards advanced AP status, which involves mentoring other trainee APs and developing expertise in the protocols of administering chemotherapy drugs: "I've got to have the confidence to know those drugs inside out and to be able to administer them, and know when not to administer them".
For example, examining intra-observer variability at different timepoints (e.g. first and last case of the day) could provide insight into the effect of internal factors on performance (e.g. fatigue) and comparing scan paths could facilitate monitoring the development of expertise among trainee radiologists.
That means, the acquired expertise of trainees and students needs to be fairly assessed and limitations need to be acknowledged in order to avoid later severe problems, e.g., with respect to the reproducibility of the results.
If there was any uncertainty regarding a mental health diagnosis or a referral was made to the PMHT for more than one diagnosis, the two psychiatry trainees used their clinical expertise and agreed on a primary diagnosis based on all the information available.
The difference between these two relationships is that the physician has the power of expertise over both trainee and patient but the physician also holds legitimate power over trainees in the formal assessment of them [ 55].
