"trail of dust" is correct and commonly used in written English.
It is typically used to describe the path or track left by something moving, leaving behind a visible cloud of dust particles. Example: The car sped down the gravel road, leaving a trail of dust in its wake.
The jeep kicked up a trail of dust that reached back a mile behind us.
We rolled into San Pedro de Atacama, kicking up a trail of dust.
Every 133 years, comet Swift-Tuttle swings through the inner solar system, leaving behind a trail of dust.
Mr. Bunger fired up his tractor and rolled across the field, a trail of dust following behind.
When she turned around, all she saw through the rear window was a trail of dust turning red in the tail-lights.
Even during these bust times of low oil prices, convoys of 18-wheelers grind up the two-lane highway in a trail of dust.
Ar mored personnel carriers spread over the horizon whipped up long trails of dust.
On Tuesdays and Thursdays, they watched the flames grow, and they waited, their thumbs idly swiping screens, leaving telltale trails of dust and ash.
A bottleneck here, a construction diversion there, but soon we were out on the big bridge toward the airport, racing unimpeded down the center lane, motorcycles and break-neck drivers darting around us, the flat dark water spreading out on both sides, and trails of dust and exhaust swirling in the air.
At that time the part of the sky the meteors appear to come from (to the east near the constellation Leo, which is why they are called the Leonids) will be below the horizon, but Easterners may be able to see the trails of dust particles that are just scraping the upper atmosphere.
A solar satellite took detailed images as the visitor, called Comet NEAT, swept past and spewed wide trails of dust and gas.
