American and European governments have traditionally not held such intermediaries liable for the activity of their users.
Dalton B. Floyd, a lawyer in Surfside Beach, S.C., who specializes in golf-related litigation, said courts had traditionally found that golfers are not liable for hitting those golfers not in their intended path.
In many ways, Jane embodies all the qualities traditionally associated with purity: sweet, honest, liable to give her bus seat to nuns etc. Usually, the crossover between people this saintly and those you'd want to spend your time with is slim, but Gina Rodriguez does an excellent job of making Jane smart and charismatic.
He notes that traditionally, to find the private contractor liable for torture, the plaintiff must argue that there was government involvement in the commission of the act, but this argument also strengthens the defendant's immunity related defenses.
"The medical care system has traditionally been regulated through civil cases, so juries generally don't like to find physicians criminally liable," he said.
The CPSC has traditionally not measured for chemical exceedances at the borders, leaving that responsibility with importers, who are liable for any harm caused by products they sell.
As a result, the Michelin-contracted teams have been warned that they may be liable to future disqualification - at, say, next week's Italian grand prix at Monza, where Ferrari are traditionally expected to produce results.
Traditionally, "one who, with knowledge of the infringing activity, induces, causes or materially contributes to the infringing conduct of another, may be held liable as a 'contributory' infringer".
Are they criminally liable?
