The tortuosity of the pores and the ionomer exhibits a trade-off relation depending on the ionomer volume.
Compared with the conventional IGBT, the proposed device exhibits better trade-off relation between the conduction and switching losses.
By varying the mass ratio between these two components, trade-off relation between specific capacity and cycle life was observed.
Similar to c-SiRH alone, the composite electrodes exhibited trade-off relation between specific capacity and cycle life (Fig. 2e).
In comparison to previous work, the slope is smaller, demonstrating that it is possible to shift the trade-off relation into a more beneficial range.
The trade-off relation between the bandwidth and steady-state loss for designing multimode glass W-type optical fibers is shown in graphs and highlighted the text.
Figure 1c shows trade-off relation between specific capacity and cycle life: the higher the initial specific capacity, the more serious capacity drop during cycling.
A trade-off relation between the minimum cost and the minimum energy consumption was achieved, bringing about a system configuration that consumes 14% less energy than the baseline system if the total cost remains unchanged.
The non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) is used to obtain Pareto-optimum solutions, where the presence of a trade-off relation between the mechanical performance and curvatures of reinforcing fibers has been established.
The trade-off relation for the PEM fuel cell performance under low and high humidity conditions due to the hydrophobic GDL is mitigated by designing a reverse capillary pressure gradient in the MPL.
While c-SiRH demonstrated more sustainable operation than c-Si NP counterparts for long-term cycling, the trade-off relation between specific capacity and cycle life is to be overcome and optimized.
