However, induction by nickel is weak in some strains, poorly reversible by chelating agents like EDTA, and causes, at high concentrations, toxicity side effects on Chlamydomonas growth.
Finally, when mechanism is unclear our ability to assess the risk of mechanism based toxicity, side effects associated with secondary targets, or lapses in efficacy is also quite limited.
However, it is necessary to isolate the active constituents, and determine their toxicity, side effects and pharmaco-kinetic properties.
According to Donaldson as well as Deyo and Carter, QOL measures can also be used for monitoring disease progression (i.e., survival) or response to treatment (i.e., toxicity, side effects, and adverse effects) [ 18, 77].
Pharmacodynamics, which is the investigation of the quantitative relationships between drug concentrations and effects over time, provides valuable information on drug potency, toxicity, side effects, and mechanisms of action.
39 Nevertheless, standard treatments are associated with long-term toxicity, side effects, and inconvenience, and biologics are fairly new, hence more time is essential to support the current evidence on efficacy and safety.
Molecular functional imaging may guide individual treatment doses, thereby decreasing drug toxicity side effects or avoiding ineffective treatments in drug-resistant tumours and reducing economic health costs of potentially ineffective therapy in individual patients.
A practicing oncologist might be interested in studies of various chemotherapeutic agents, dosages, and regimens to prolong patient survival with the least risk of toxicity, side effects, and other detriments to QOL.
2 4–6 Clinician anxieties about treatment toxicity, side effects and burden may be an important constraining influence on the intensity of cancer treatment offered to older people, 7 8 but other more subtle factors may also influence treatment decisions.
Two problems seriously limit the value of free-text searching: authors use a wide range of terms to describe adverse effects, both in a general sense (toxicity, side-effect, adverse-effect) and more specifically (eg, lethargy, tiredness, malaise may be used synonymously).
