In our study, the role of ammonia as a possible toxicant in sediment toxicity tests was evaluated using larvae of the surf clam, Spisula solidissima.
They rank each toxicant in terms of toxicity, exposure, and risk on a scale of 0 to 100, and this helps put the relative risk of this diverse group of agents in perspective.
Thus, 4-nonylphenol is a developmental toxicant in daphnids, but its toxicity is not consistent with that elicited by elevated testosterone accumulation.
Carbon tetrachloride is a reference toxicant in mammalian systems with established toxicities in the kidney, liver, testis, heart, lungs etc. [17, 18].
The concept of dose addition implies that every toxicant in any concentration contributes, in proportion to its toxic unit, to the overall toxicity of a mixture.
N,N-Dimethyldecanamide (Maronee adjuvant) has been characterized as a developmental toxicant in rodents [ 36] but is insufficiently studied for reproductive toxicity.
(c_{e}(t)) represents the concentration of the toxicant in the system environment of patch 1.
The toxicant in the environment is a threat to the survival of the exposed microorganisms.
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxicant in cigarettes and is associated with adverse outcomes.
Carbon nano-tubes are found to be a respiratory toxicant in rainbow trout (Smith et al. 2007).
(c_{o}(t)) represents the concentration of toxicant in the organism of the population at time t in patch 1.
