Sentence examples for toxic unit from inspiring English sources

Different approaches used to assess the combined toxicities include toxic unit (TU) (Marking and Dawson 1975) and mixture toxic index (MTI) (Konemann 1981).

The concept of dose addition implies that every toxicant in any concentration contributes, in proportion to its toxic unit, to the overall toxicity of a mixture.

The dimensionless toxic unit (TUi) quantifies the relative contribution to toxicity of the individual chemical i in a mixture of n chemicals.

Benthic sediment toxicity was characterized using the Equilibrium Partitioning Sediment Benchmark Toxic Unit approach for 43 PAHs (ESBTUFCV,43).

A toxic unit assessment showed that the graphene and IL toxicities were additive at low concentration of the mixtures but antagonistic at high concentration of the mixtures.

Given default assumptions of common mode of action and concentration addition (Lambert and Lipscomb 2007), the relative potency of each insecticide could then be used to estimate the joint toxicity of chemicals in a mixture using a conventional toxic unit approach (Junghans et al. 2006).

The toxicological effects of combined exposures can be evaluated using a number of methodologies including the Hazard Index/Hazard Quotient (HI/HQ), Margin of Exposure, Toxicity Equivalents, and Toxic units [5].

The third tentative category, '> 10% STU', relates to the predicted contribution of the individual additive to the joint toxicity (sum of toxic units, STU) as predicted by CA. In the context of plant protection products, a substance may be deemed as dominating the mixture if it contributes > 90% to the overall toxicity [20].

The increase in human toxicity is seven times greater than the system can deal with, however reduction of materials for the cultivation lines, i.e. iron ballast, reduces human toxicity to 0.2·10−5 comparative toxic units.

The clear effects of upgrading the WWTP with ozonation, more specifically the increase in vulnerable species in downstream samples from 18 to 30%%, would correspond to a reduction of toxicant loads by approximately 1.5 toxic units (Daphnia magna) according to the regressions in [21].

The mixture components with the highest toxicity contribute most or even dominate the toxicity of mixtures in terms of toxic units [4].