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To increase the specificity of the reaction, a touchdown profile was followed.
A touchdown profile was used for thermal cycling with annealing temperature decreasing from 62 to 58 °C in nine cycles, followed by 40 cycles with annealing at 57 °C and a final extension at 72 °C.
Amplification of NZPR823, NZPR413,NZPR114, NZPR544, SsrPt_ctg64, SsrPt_ctg275 loci was performed as described by Chagné et al. [ 60] and the amplification of PtTX3116 followed the protocol described by Auckland et al. [ 68] with modified touchdown profile, using 55°C and 45°C as starting and final temperatures [ 69].
A touchdown profile was used for PCR cycling comprising an initial denaturation step of 94°C for 2 min, followed by a total of 37 cycles of 94°C for 30 s, an annealing step for 30 s and 72°C for 30 s.
A touchdown profile was used with a 1°C drop in extension temperatures per cycle for 8 cycles followed by 27 cycles of denaturation for 30 sec at 92°C, annealing for 30 sec at the Tm (- 4°C) and extension for 45 sec at 72°C to ensure strong PCR products.
Following an initial denaturation step of 2 min at 94°C to heat activate the DNA polymerase, PCR was performed for a total of 50 cycles with the touchdown profile: 30 s at 92°C, 60 s at (Ta+10 °C, 60 s at 72°C, where Ta was 50, 55 or 60°C, depending on the optimal conditions reported for the primer set.
Similar(51)
In this work, some a priori estimates of touchdown behavior are established, based on which the refined touchdown profiles are obtained by adapting self-similar method and center manifold analysis.
Primer pairs that did not amplify under these conditions were subsequently tested using 1, 1.5 and 4 mM MgCl2 concentration for the 3 touchdown profiles.
Reactions were placed on one of two stratified touchdown profiles [ 56], with each profile encompassing a 10°C span of annealing temperatures (ranges: 65-55°C 65-55°C45°C), andording 55-45°C 55-45°Cconditions identified for eaccordingctove primer [ 31].
The amplification reactions were performed in the Rotor-Gene Q real-time PCR system (Qiagene, Germany) using a touchdown temperature profile (Table 2).
All PCR reactions was performed in an Agilent Sure Cycler 8800 using a touchdown amplification profile consisting of an initial denaturation at 95 °C for 5 min followed by 40 cycles of denaturation at 95 °C for 2 min, annealing at 65 °C for 90 s, extension at 72 °C for 2 min with a final extension at 72 °C for 10 min.
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