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Antivenomic assessment revealed that several venom components (nearly 17.5% of total venom) from N. kaouthia could not be thoroughly immunocaptured by commercial Naja atra antivenom.
From a clinical perspective, the large amount of SVMPs (66.5% of the total venom proteins) is consistent with the haemorrhagic pathology associated with E. ocellatus envenoming.
Thus, in Ovophis, the dominant five classes comprise 99.0% of total venom transcripts.
They were then incubated (30 min at 37°C) with total venom before administration.
They are encoded by 342 ESTs (57 clusters), accounting for approximately 46% of the total venom gland transcripts.
They are encoded by 359 ESTs (33 clusters), accounting for approximately 40% of the total venom gland transcripts (Table 1).
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Enriched poly(A)+ mRNA isolated from the total venom-gland RNA was used for cDNA construction.
The 14 clusters of SVMPs accounted for 68.7% of the toxin transcription and 29.9% of the total venom-gland transcription.
The phospholipase A2 activity of CoaPLA2 (both in the isolated protein and in total venoms) was measured using the assay described by Holzer and Mackessy [ 43], but modified for 96-well plates [ 17, 31– 31].
Recently, while studying the differences in total venoms from C. viridis and C. oreganus subspecies, Mackessy verified that all venoms display great variation, both in protein composition as well as in the activities of several enzymes, including the PLA2 enzyme family [ 2].
In addition, 21,460 singleton sequences (64.23% of the total adult venom gland singletons, Table 1) produced significant BLASTN hits, and of these only 431 (2%) corresponded to documented snake venom entries.On the other hand, 3,022 (49.9% of the newborn venom gland transcriptome) found a BLAST hit, including 658 (10.9%) matches to snake venom proteins.
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