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Considering the number of intersections, the 3rd reflection can capture 99.12%,99.14%, and 91.34% of the total reflections for GPS IIR, Galileo IOV satellite bus and the Sentinel-1 spacecraft respectively.
We also recommend the implementation of additional QC measures to detect and omit data contaminated by total reflections.
At E region heights, and at MF and lower HF during the day, these returns would most likely be from total reflections.
The total reflections in the wavelength range 400 1000 nm were measured using a spectrometer equipped with an integrating sphere to detect all the reflections from the surface.
This particular argument had previously been used for MF/HF SA radars using total reflections from the ionosphere and the similar fades technique, where it could be valid (see e.g., Hines and Rhagava Rao 1968).
Recently, Abdu et al. ([2012]) discussed the mechanisms of radio wave echoes due to ESF irregularities and concluded that a significant portion arises out of coherent backscattering perpendicular to the magnetic field lines in addition to the total reflections.
Similar(47)
The total reflection was decomposed into proportions reflected from each layer of the skin model.
When the reflecting boundary is a perfect conductor, total reflection without loss can occur.
Reflectance is measured versus wavelength and incident angle under total reflection.
X-rays for the case —demonstrable total reflection must occur.
This is due to diffraction with the IPA and total reflection at the pixel boundary.
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