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Post-settlement competitive pressures were driven by total population density and size composition.
As predicted for a textbook 'cheat,' the presence of the ΔpvdD mutant reduced total population density: mixed cultures reached similar densities to pure ΔpvdD cultures (Figure 2c).
In some cases, even though co-culture increased mutant relative fitness to>1, there was no detrimental effect on total population density.
At the end of each growth cycle, we measured the total population density using spectrophotometry and the relative proportion of AmpR and ChlR cells using flow cytometry (see Methods).
The primary factor in relation to the change in NANI is total population density, followed by cultivated land area and total grain yield.
(c) Cheating by ΔpvdD over 48 h of co-culture results in mixed wild-type+mutant cultures showing the same reduction in total population density as pure mutant cultures (ANOVA eliminating experimental block, F2,26=12.6, P<0.001; Dunnett's test for mutant/mixed populations versus wild type: P=0.009 and <0.001, respectively; post hoc t-test for mutant versus mixed populations, P=0.159).
Similar(31)
After 24 and 48 h of growth, total population densities were determined and the relative fitness of each mutant in pure and mixed culture calculated.
CommChar include community area average characteristics (total population, population density, average age, employment rate, fraction representation of various racial groups, education and median family income)3.
In addition of these determinants, we included proportion of urban to total population, population density, and log GDP per capita.
Intervention cities (Montreal, Toronto, Boston, New York and Vancouver) were matched to control cities (Chicago, Detroit, and Philadelphia) on total population, population density, cycling rates, and average yearly temperature.
The effects of proportion of urban to total population, population density and the wealth of the district (as shown by GDP) remain consistent in the second and third models.
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