Numbers in parentheses indicate the percentages relative to the respective total cluster counts.
To quantify how total cluster translation, rotation, scaling and deformation contribute to STA, a resizable and deformable cluster model was constructed.
Standard fuzzy clustering models like fuzzy c-means are based on minimizing the total cluster variation, which is defined as the sum of the distances between the data points and their corresponding cluster centers weighted by the membership degrees.
All paths within a cluster show the same amplitude,, determined by the total cluster power and the number of paths within a cluster, and have a random phase, which is drawn from a uniform distribution.
The effective magnetic field acting on a separate nanoparticle can be calculated as a derivative of the total cluster energy {overrightarrow{H}}_{ef,i}=-frac{partial W}{VM_spartial {overrightarrow{alpha}}_i}.
The restriction of the flow spaces between the particles in the plane perpendicular to the flow direction results in steeper velocity gradients of the gas phase, thus resulting in greater shearing stresses and an increase in the drag coefficient on the total cluster area.
