We also assessed the possible predictive value of both total and active plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), an important component in fibrinolysis (13).
Reactivity was measured by aggregation (5 and 20 microM ADP) and activation was determined by the expression of total and active GP IIb/IIIa.
A high frequency of heightened platelet activation was detected by both total and active GP IIb/IIIa expression.
IL-13 significantly increased total and active forms of TGF-β1, and this activation was blocked using an MMP-2 inhibitor.
The level of TGF-β1 (total and active) was determined by comparing the peroxidase activity to known concentrations of purified TGF-β1 (R&D Systems Inc, Minneapolis, MN).
Because TGF- β1 is at least partly activated by proteolytic cleavage, we evaluated the total and active TGF- β1 levels for correlations with likely candidate proteinases involved in TGF- β1 activation and with PAI-1, a presumed secondary marker of TGF- β1 activity, in the gastric cancer homogenates (Table 3).
Total and active microbial biomass, microbial growth potential and potential exo-enzyme activities were determined in unamended samples and after nitrogen and/or glucose amendments.
Total and active TGF- β1 levels were not correlated, suggesting a specific activation process.
ALT and AST levels, HGF, total and active TGF β, IL1 β, TNF α, MDA, MPO and caspase 3 activity were measured as described elsewhere.
Serum total and active ghrelin were measured by RIA, using commercially available kits.
Total and active soil procaryotic community structures were analyzed through MiSeq sequencing based on 16S rDNA and rRNA, respectively.
