In melanoma patients, we observed that tumor-associated draining lymphatics on the diseased limb were tortuous and dilated as compared to those on the contralateral, disease-free limbs [ 27].
Furthermore, smooth muscle actin staining (Fig 3C) revealed thin, straight vessels in treated tumors when compared to numerous, wide, tortuous blood vessels from tumors of untreated mice.
In the Experimental group, portal vein became wider and tortuous during hepatic disease development when compared to Control group.
In another study on neovascularization of VX2 liver tumors in the rabbit, the authors reported that blood vessels had a tortuous and meandering form in the tumor area compared to those of non-invaded areas [25].
The architecture of the newly formed vessels is more tortuous and seems to be less organized when compared to the original capillary plexus.
Seedlings grown in rough compared to rounded sand were characterized by more tortuous root growth and significantly lower (P < 0.05) root length (by 19.8%), root dry weight (by 15.9%) and greater root diameter (0.45 vs. 0.50 mm).
Lamellar and acicular microstructures showed lower fatigue crack growth rates as compared to the bimodal microstructure due to the tortuous nature of cracks in the former and the cleavage of primary α in the latter.
The first three approaches also underestimated the heterogeneity of solute distribution in the profile compared to the Full description approach, mostly when the macropores were tortuous.
To summarize, the clinically relevant features enhanced by each of the protocols processed in the software, provided enhanced clinically relevant information by accentuating the visibility of the tortuous loops in the GE protocol by providing better contrast of the loops against the background compared to the standard RetCam image.
In urban land covers, as compared to surrounding undeveloped land, water body size distributions converged on moderate sizes, shapes toward less tortuous shorelines, and the number and area of water bodies that intersected surface flow lines (i.e., streams and rivers) decreased.
