Maximum torque occurred at the MRI core center and measured 11.4g-cm (±1.2 SD).
Analyses of high speed video images and corresponding blade motion revealed that the peak torque occurred at a higher blade penetration depth as the speed increased indicating transformation of the peak torque requirement from due to initial soil failure at a low speed to final soil cutting and throwing at a high speed.
A pattern of four cycles of alternating torque occurs within a period of 360°.
For the initial area, a rapid rise in torque occurring immediately after insertion for 1 2 s was observed, and torque value rises of 1.43 2.26 N · cm were also recognized.
The maximum circulatory torque occurs at the L/4-section and the maximum warping torque appears at support and mid-span, considering that shear stress due to one-unit circulatory torque is much larger in magnitude than that due to one-unit warping torque.
Studies performed to assess the contribution of the pronator quadratus to pronation torque of the forearm state that the pronator quadratus is the primary pronating muscle in the forearm [26, 34, 35] and that significant decrease in pronation torque occurs with controlled elimination of the pronator quadratus function [34, 36].
Of these, (T_mathrm{BD}), in particular the slab pull force, is the main driving force of the global plate system (Forsyth and Uyeda 1975); (T_mathrm{BD}) contributes primarily to straight plate motion, whereas (T_mathrm{PB}) may cause spin motion when torque occurs around the center of the plate.
Peak isokinetic torque occurred at the end range of dorsiflexion and reflects the passive and active torques.
The peak value of the eccentric torque occurring during passive joint movements (Peak Eccentric Torque, PET) and the joint angle at which the eccentric torque begins to occur (Torque Threshold Angle, TTA) were measured.
The drilling will be ceased when a significant change in force and torque occurs, indicating that the endosteum is reached.
Indeed, a previous study reported that increased fusion of the tetanus torque occurred due to muscle fatigue (Shields et al. 1997).
