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In this study we investigated the effects of modulus and topographical alignment of type I collagen substrate on tendon differentiation.
In one of the groups, topographical alignment was introduced at 10 MPa stiffness, by controlled unidirectional stretching of the sheet.
Type I collagen sheet substrates with random topographical alignment were fabricated with their moduli tuned in the range of 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 MPa by using electrocompaction and controlled crosslinking.
For example, in our experience, topographical alignment and perfusion patterns of various areas can alter staining quality greatly for example, staining is invariably much less robust in rodent auditory cortex, where curvature is higher, and perfusion through the middle cerebral artery is more noticeable than in visual or somatosensory areas.
This topographical alignment of index and middle finger RFs follows exactly the same pattern as has classically been described for physical touch (Nelson and Chen 2008), and as has also been found in the present study.
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Furthermore, relative roles of topographical factors (matrix alignment vs. matrix modulus) in inducing tenogenic differentiation is not well understood.
Various strategies have been developed to induce cell alignment, including topographical patterning (e.g., micro- and nanogrooves and aligned nanofibers), chemical treatment (patterns with cell-adhesive or repellent chemistries), controlled stress/strain conditions (e.g., stretching, fluid shear stress, and compression), and a combination of these methods.
In EpiLife® medium cell alignment to unmodified-NOA81 topographical features, which allowed protein adsorption, differed significantly from cell alignment on RGD-modified features.
In this work, we investigate the effects of material mechanical properties, that is, matrix rigidity, on spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) behavior and neurite alignment in response to topographical guidance cues.
We found that the presence of these grooved topographical cues significantly enhanced VSMC aspect ratio, alignment, and oriented remodeling of the underlying extracellular matrix.
It seems that a discontinuous topographical pattern could promote Schwann cell and axonal alignment, provided that it hosts anisotropic geometrical features, even though their sizes range at the subcellular length scale [58].
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