Dr Alwash's work on hydraulic models of the marshes will help.The models, combined with detailed topographic information, allow him to predict how much water is needed to reflood an area to the depths necessary for proper marshland.
Tangible topographic features can be pinned down by satellite imagery but the boundaries between many states are unmarked and fiercely contested.
They were called topographic instruments, or theodolites.
Their sound, which featured Anderson's falsetto vocals and Howe's complex guitar supported by Squire's bass and Wakeman's multilayered keyboards, further developed with Close to the Edge (1972) and Tales from Topographic Oceans (1973).
Switzerland's small area contains an unusual diversity of topographic elements, which are divisible into three distinct regions: the Jura Mountains in the northwest, the Alps to the south and east, and the Mittelland, or central plateau, between the two mountain ranges.
In the late 19th century the Austrian general staff published the first comprehensive topographic map of the region.
An additional third is covered by medium-scale topographic maps; i.e., up to 1 125,000 (about two miles to the inch).
The topographic data highlighted the huge South Pole Aitken Basin, which, like the other basins on the far side, is devoid of lava filling.
Areas lying behind topographic barriers also get little rain, while windward slopes generally are well watered.
From the 1740s until his death, Cassini de Thury directed work on a general topographic map of France.
Published in 1789, this Carte géométrique de la France ("Geometric Map of France"), or Carte de Cassini, was the first map of an entire country drawn up on the basis of extensive triangulation and topographic surveys.
