From handler to driver to receptionist to concierge, the over-the-top attention is underpinned not by a dedication to a superlative service, but by fear.
Task-relevant top-down attention is known to modulate neuronal firing rate [46], [47], event-related power in the high gamma range [48] and BOLD fMRI signals [49].
In this respect, it is important to stress at this point that endogenous, top-down attention is concerned to leave distractors out of the way of our limited conscious processing resources (Lavie, 2005).
In other words, explicit change detection would only be possible when top-down focal attention is directed to the locus of change [ 3].
Finally, it may be of interest to explore to what extent spatial attention and working memory are conceptually related (whereby top-down spatial attention is regarded as a spatial working memory signal), and to explore how these are related in terms of their dependence on cholinergic and NMDA mechanisms.
Meanwhile, top management attention was diverted from growing problems at home as quality slid at Mercedes, which lost its long-standing dominance of the lucrative German market to its arch-rival BMW.The best justification for the Daimler-Chrysler deal, at the time the world's biggest industrial merger, was the growing cost of electronics systems in luxury cars.
The associations between MEG and MRS parameters reported here might change when MEG is recorded under top-down attentional modulation, as attention is known to influence auditory processing [ 49].
According to the second hypothesis, such conflict is not conspicuous, and top-down directing of attention is needed in order to find the target during search.
The neural mechanism of bottom-up attention and its relationship to top-down attention are poorly understood.
In addition, the popout modulation of V4 activity was eliminated when top-down attention was directed to locations outside of the CRFs during saccade preparation, indicating that the salience of popout stimuli is not sufficient to drive selection by V4 neurons.
Local circumstances dictated the extent to which such top-down attention was welcomed.
