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Pink traces and bars denote accuracies that were computed by training classifiers to discriminate hand trials (Hand-G vs Hand-R) and testing on tool trials (Tool-G vs Tool-R).
Here, we will present the concept and prototype designs of the laser cutting and welding tools, the results of the prototype tool trials, and how the tools fit within the overall remote maintenance strategy for EU-DEMO, these results highlight the duration reduction of a laser process compared to conventional techniques, and the feasibility of a such a design for further development.
In No-Tools trials the tools were swapped for non-tool objects such as Lego® blocks or cork, and food was placed at an intermediate depth of 15 cm.
To determine whether there was a difference in tool selection between sequential tool trials and Length-Only trials, a GLM was constructed with 'subject', 'experiment' and 'food depth' entered as factors.
Light blue traces and bars denote accuracies that were computed by training classifiers to discriminate tool trials and testing on hand trials.
are pertinent for grasping with the tool and a coding of these features may explain why pattern classifiers trained on hand trials can decode actions performed on tool trials (and vice versa).
The exact placement of the target object for hand and tool trials on the platform was adjusted to match each participant's arm/tool length such that all required movements were comfortable.
Although including hand and tool trials within the same run would have enabled direct statistical comparisons between them, this would have necessitated insertion and removal of the tool during experimental testing, possibly leading to additional movement artifacts.
One alternative explanation to account for the accurate across-effector classification findings reported may be that our frontoparietal cortex results arise not because of the coding of effector-invariant movement goals (grasp vs reach actions) but instead simply because grasp vs reach movements for both hand and tool trials are cued according to the same 'Grasp' and 'Reach' auditory instructions.
It provides a coding for the kinematic properties and/or dynamics associated with each effector (Umilta et al., 2008; Jacobs et al., 2010) as well as the other low-level differences that exist between hand and tool trials (e.g., spatial location of target).
Notably, while these low-level visual and somatosensory differences between experimental runs provided an inherent impediment for interpreting any direct comparisons between hand and tool trials, the presence of these differences significantly aided the interpretation of accurate across-effector classification results.
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