Pope Gregory VI was deposed in 1046 because money had changed hands at the time of his election; in the presence of Gregory VII, the canons of the cathedral of Bamberg accused their bishop, Hermann, of simoniacal heresy because he had granted Bamberg estates to vassals of the king.
The Kamakura bakufu gained a reputation for fairness, issuing countless orders of admonition to its vassals to follow the precedents on the land in question.
The reference nested core collections for the cultivated compartment of Vitis vinifera were described for several characteristics and compared to the Vassal collection and to the M-core collection (141 individuals) defined by Barnaud et al. [ 28].
The proportion of table varieties, wine varieties and table/wine varieties was very well conserved in the nested core collections compared to the M-core and to the Vassal collection.
Serious conflict was precipitated in 1293, when clashes between French and English seamen caused Philip the Fair to summon his vassal to Parlement.
On one hand, the gain in the unlinked diversity was high in the G-48, probably due to the decrease in redundancy compared to the Vassal collection (revealed by the number of kingroups).
It normally consisted of land to which a number of unfree peasants were attached; the land was supposed to be sufficient to support the vassal and to secure his knight service for the lord.
