The Library of Alexandria was open only to the learned; the Internet Archive is open to everyone.
Re "Decoding the Brain's Cacophony" (Profiles in Science, Nov. 1): With all due respect to the learned Dr. Michael S. Gazzaniga, the claim that the mystery of consciousness and free will can be explained as "emergent properties" of matter that obey "different laws" from the physical stuff from which they derive really explains nothing at all unless those different laws are themselves understood.
So the essence of God is knowable in itself, and also to the learned.
The assignment of waqf revenue to the learned was similar to the assignment of fiefs (iqta'at) to the commanders and generals of the army.
This hypothesis is consistent with the experimental findings by Schreurs et al. [21], who reported a long lasting (at least a month; see Figure 13B) increment of excitability in PC dendrites in lobule HVI that is proportional to the learned response level of the animals as shown in Figure 13A.
The recognition task includes distractor and target words; participants had to indicate whether the presented word belongs to the learned list or not.
It was further assumed that behavioural changes as rated by parents and teachers and improvement on cognitive tests before and after treatment should be related to the learned ability to regulate cortical activation.
On the contrary, harnessed bees in the laboratory, which can be trained to associate a color with sucrose reward and which extend their proboscis to the learned color [43], have difficulties in learning this association and show very poor color discrimination abilities [44].
Although MOT learning is specific to the learned spatial context, it is not highly specific to the trained temporal context.
Single pulse-induced motor evoked potentials (MEPs) obtained by stimulation above the left hemisphere were recorded from the first dorsal interosseus muscle of the right hand prior to and after the learning procedure while subjects listened passively to the learned melodies, unknown melodies, and to white noise.
The key advantages of combining learning with PBC are: (i) the complexity of the control design procedure is reduced, (ii) prior knowledge about the system, given in the form of a PH model, speeds up the learning process, (iii) physical meaning can be attributed to the learned control law.
