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Dictionary
to substratum
noun
A layer that lies underneath another.
synonyms
Exact(27)
The debt of Romance vocabulary to substratum languages is probably not too great but is difficult to estimate with any certainty.
We examined cell axis alignment in response to substratum nanotopography and a physiological EF separately and in combination.
Bovine CECs aligned parallel to substratum nanogrooves (NGs) as shallow as 14 nm but LECs were less sensitive.
Accepting, for these purposes, that Locke believed in substratum, we can apply these tests both to substratum, and to his 'ideas of particular sorts of substance'.
These findings add to the growing evidence showing that adding dead shells to substratum to encourage M. modiolus restoration is not likely to be effective.
A marine flagellate resembling Cafeteria roenbergensis (bicosoecids, stramenopiles) in cell shape and behavior of the cell while attached to substratum was collected from the coast of Japan.
Similar(33)
However, when dealing with environmental issues – such as vegetation ecology or water quality – an integrated knowledge of the soil, soil-to-substratum, and deeper substratum continuum is required.
Observations included potential loss of membrane integrity, retraction of cytoplasmic processes, reduced cell-to-substratum adhesion, putative cell shrinkage, and generation of cellular debris.
Numerous concerns (e.g., water quality, on-site waste disposal, landfill placement, and nutrient or pesticide movement) require an integrated knowledge and understanding of soil, the soil-to-substratum transition, and the deeper substratum.
Soil surveys can convey concise and more descriptive soil-to-substrata information with little added effort or resources.
Together with the rapid change in cellular motility and cell-to-substratum adhesion, the data ruled out the possibility that apoptosis had a major role in PilC1-mediated early detachment of ME180 cells from the substratum.
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