Many seats are filled to acquire specialist knowledge or to engage specific constituencies.
"We had never had a marketing plan, so they worked with us to find specific constituencies -- donors, alumni, prospective students -- where we had to clarify our message," said Nancy Davis, North Carolina's associate vice chancellor for university relations.
The amendment means that only activity targeted at specific constituencies is covered – not campaigning activity that happens to take place in a small number of constituencies because that is where the members live, or other reasons unrelated to the election.
Some moviemakers have probably shied away from the subject for fear of offending viewers; others, like Michael Moore, who directed "Fahrenheit 9/11," haven't worried about alienating a general audience because they've played to a specific constituency, giving their viewers what they wanted to see and hear.
Berry notes that Republicans are fixated on voter ID laws and other efforts to make it harder for specific constituencies to cast ballots because "Republicans know that blacks and Latinos and poor people in general are unlikely to vote for them, so naturally they don't want them to vote".
Each gets out of bed every day to serve a specific constituency, to change the equilibrium for a defined population.
While there are several applications that overlap with functionality in Thumbtack, they all serve specific constituencies related to list making or note taking.
Wrong Targets: As important as specific constituencies are, attention to the general concerns of voters is more likely to bring victory than a patchwork of targeted messages.
In evidence given to Parliament's Digital, Culture, Media and Sport Select Committee today, 89up says the website was running dozens of adverts targeted at Facebook users in specific constituencies, suggesting users "Click to tell your local MP to bin Chequers," along with an image from the constituency, and an email function to drive people to send their MP an anti-Chequers message.
