In Indonesia, this meant an improvement to livelihoods through training projects which were integrated with rebuilding.
From India to Peru, mining projects have a long history of causing threats to livelihoods in the developing world.
Market analysis, for example, has become part of the remit of advisers because there's greater realisation of how vital market functions are to livelihoods.
In addition to death and injury inflicted upon men, and particularly women and children, the practice causes massive damage to livelihoods and vital civilian infrastructure.
Add to that the chaos of conflict, forcing women to pack up and run from here to there and back again to avoid flying bullets, daily struggles to keep their children alive amid food shortages, no access to health care, soaring maternal mortality rates, and total breakdown of access to livelihoods and coping mechanisms, all in the face of rampant sexual violence.
Oceans' rising acid levels have emerged as one of the biggest threats to coral reefs, acting as the "osteoporosis of the sea" and threatening everything from food security to tourism to livelihoods, the head of a US scientific agency said Monday.
The ongoing air traffic disputes in France have partly been fuelled by moves to implement the Single European Sky, a programme airlines say would make flights more efficient and have significant economic benefits, but which has been seen as a threat to livelihoods and autonomy in France – a threat likely to be underlined by the major carriers' latest move.
The Shell petroleum development company of Nigeria (SPDC) has admitted liability for two spills from a pipeline in the Niger delta in 2008, but the company disputes the quantity of oil that was spilled and the damage that was done to livelihoods and the environment near the coastal village of Bodo in Rivers State.
The contribution to livelihoods and community development and the population status of O. sinensis were documented.
Questions were also asked concerning women's economic activities, contributions to livelihoods, influence and agency.
These findings underline the lasting, central importance of livestock to livelihoods across Maasailand.
