Implementation (what is needed to implement the intervention?).
In negative studies without a strong process evaluation, it is difficult to discern whether the result was due to poor alignment of the intervention components with the causes of the problem leading to poor efficacy (theory failure) or due to a failure to implement the intervention as designed (implementation failure).
The first phase involved building the capacity of the implementers with the necessary skills to implement the intervention.
Implementation components or drivers are factors which enable practitioners to implement the intervention as intended [ 23].
Again, the Massachusetts school was the first to implement the intervention and, thus, the first to use the animal activities.
The process of selecting suitable communities and matching them into pairs required careful collection of data on numbers of births, size of the local government areas (LGAs), and an assessment of the capacity of communities to implement the intervention.
Following randomization a home visit was scheduled (to take place within 36 hours) to implement the intervention, collect baseline demographic data and NTS from all household members aged ≥2 years, and to provide and describe proper use of a free tympanic thermometer and the daily symptom record sheets.
Nurses worked in partnership with GPs to implement the intervention.
Schoolteachers were the key-persons to implement the intervention components.
The allocation was concealed until knowledge of the assignment was required operationally to implement the intervention.
A limitation of the study is its reliance on existing health structures to implement the intervention.
