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Skeletal muscle dysfunction contributes to exercise limitation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Gas-exchange abnormalities, including hypoxemia and increased wasted ventilation fraction, also contribute to exercise limitation.
Spirometry is analyzed for significant pathology that might be expected to lead to exercise limitation.
Reduced strain and delayed untwist contribute significantly to exercise limitation in nHCM patients.
Furthermore, it is related to exercise limitation as reflected by higher average NYHA class and shorter 6MWT distances.
We hypothesized that the MRC chronic dyspnea score mirrors one or multiple physiologic derangements leading to exercise limitation.
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GOLD II severity was chosen as a group who would be likely to experience exercise limitation but who would still be able to perform exercise testing.
The SAPALDIA questionnaire includes a question about the avoidance of physical activity due to asthma ("exercise limitation").
For example, an FEV1/FVC ratio of 68% is used for "airflow obstruction" because although there may be airflow obstruction above this value it usually does not lead to significant exercise limitation.
Patients with a history of asthma, or any other clinically significant respiratory, cardiovascular or other systemic condition that may have contributed to dyspnea and exercise limitation, were not eligible to participate.
Anemia is also characterized by a feeling of weakness and fatigue, and it has been suggested that it may contribute to dyspnoea and exercise limitation in patients with chronic diseases and also when this condition affects the elderly [ 15, 16].
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