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It is assumed that the source variable is a two-vector tuple denoted as, where vector represents the actual variable to be quantized (quantization objective) of dimension, and is the additional side information of dimension.
Suppose u is a scalar that has to be quantized, the logarithmic quantizer is in the following form: q ( u ) = { u i if 1 1 + δ u i < u ≤ 1 1 − δ u i, u > 0, 0 if u = 0, − Q ( − u ) if u < 0 (2).
In error concealment, the samples of the signal to be transmitted are quantized typically by 16 bit or 24 bit and thus are from a finite set of elements, whereas in speech enhancement the digital signals are assumed to be quantized fine enough (even though quantization with 64, 32, or 16 bit may take place), therefore, the codomain of the samples is assumed to be continuous.
For HEVC using block-based intra- or inter-prediction, the discrete cosine transform (DCT), and quantization, a substantial number of DCT coefficients of the residual block are commonly found to be quantized to zero, particularly when the quantization parameter (QP) is large.
In practice, due to the limited bandwidth in the feedback channel, W has to be quantized, and the base station receives the quantized version of W, denoted by W ˜. We assume that the channels are estimated accurately, and there is no error or delay in the feedback channel.
These five parameters were to be quantized in such a way that the quantization error introduced was imperceptible while, at the same time, obtaining good compression.
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d As the optimal allocated bits evaluated according to (5) are real values, they must be quantized to provide an input to the encoder.
Since x ~ k i is discrete, belonging to a symbol constellation point, it must be quantized to its nearest constellation point in each iteration.
This fine-tuned value can be quantized to restore the reduced recognition rate to the original recognition rate without compromising security.
(2) The continuous state of a channel (e.g. Rayleigh distribution) can be quantized to obtain any level of accuracy by a finite set.
Using the above bit assignment, ψ and ϕ can be quantized according to (12) (where ψ ˜ and ϕ ˜ represent the quantized version of ψ and ϕ, respectively).
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