When these weapons were first authorised by the Home Office in 2003 they were restricted to authorised firearms officers as a less lethal alternative to guns.
In the European Union, medicines are authorised for some rare disease only if they are judged to be dissimilar to authorised orphan drugs for that disease.
Hungary's archives have been open to authorised historians with an approved research topic.
Caitlin Maguire's Breckenridge Cannabis Club opened in 2010 to sell medical cannabis to authorised patients; but she switched to recreational sale this year.
Several companies, such as Cirrus Legacy and LegacyLocker, offer digital safes for passwords and documents, releasing them only to authorised parties in the event of the owner's death.
This includes enforcing to authorised employees solely for purposes of their job responsibilities, and all potential violations are quickly and thoroughly investigated".
The manufacturers can farm out the job, but only to authorised firms.Hewlett-Packard (HP), which makes lots of electronic devices that are subject to such rules, says it welcomes them.
The clinical portal will provide streamlined, secure, web-based access from a single browser view of patient information to authorised health and social care professionals in Northern Ireland, according to the government.
"The justification given by the government for providing an immunity to authorised officers is to remove any reluctance they may have to using reasonable force to the extent they are authorised to do so.
In total, 32.7m pupil school days were missed owing to authorised absences in the autumn term of 2012 and the spring term of 2013, with the total falling to 28.6m pupil days in 2014-15.
The migration amendment (maintaining the good order of immigration detention facilities) bill, giving increased power to "authorised officers" to use force against people in immigration detention, would only make the situation worse.
