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Whereas type IV pili, App, MspA, HrpA and NhhA promote adherence to host cells, Opa proteins, Opc and NadA have been shown to additionally trigger entry into mammalian cells and to function as invasins.
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NLRP6 (also called Pypaf5) associates with ASC and caspase-1 and can additionally trigger the activation of NFκB in transient overexpression systems (Grenier et al, 2002).
We previously showed that localized depletion of Drosophila dyskerin in the wing discs not only caused cell death but also additionally triggered a variety of developmental defects.
ATF6 additionally triggers the expression of ERAD-stimulating genes such as XBP1, PDI, yeast Der1-like protein (DERL1), homocysteine-induced ER-protein (HERP), synovial apoptosis inhibitor 1 (SYVN1), and suppressor of Lin-12-like (SEL1L) [ 437].
In contrast, E2348/69 carrying pSA10-encoding EspT induced formation of pedestals on both cell lines and additionally triggered formation of lamellipodia on Swiss 3T3 cells and membrane ruffles on HeLa cells, which were not restricted to the site of bacterial attachment (Fig. 2A and B).
Additionally, the release of Bax from pro-survival restrainers appears to be sufficient to trigger apoptosis [ 37], and these interactions have been characterized in detail recently [ 38, 39].
Annealing at 433 K additionally triggers formation of different types of lamellae.
10 12 Additionally, exercising in hypoxia is known to trigger a compensatory vasodilation to match an increased oxygen demand at the muscular level.
Additionally, breathing training helps to trigger a sense of calm.
Additionally, 10 kinases appeared to trigger an as yet unidentified proteolytic mechanism as β-galactosidase degradation upon RNAi knockdown was not suppressed in the mutants or in MG132 treated animals.
Additionally, it is known that epitope concentration, repetition, and patterning induced by association of proteins or peptides to NPs can be observed to trigger an immune response.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com