Studies now in progress are aimed at determining the mechanism(s) by which disintegrins interact with prey tissues and facilitate relocation of envenomated prey by rattlesnakes.
Inflammatory chemokines are expressed by leukocytes or related cells only upon activation and mediate emigration of leukocytes, while homeostatic chemokines are constitutively expressed in tissues such as lymphoid tissues and are involved in relocation of lymphocytes or other types of cells.
Massive cell death causes destruction in the tissue, resulting in widespread cell relocation and rupture of blood vessels.
Tissue microarrays (TMAs) allow the relocation of multiple tissue samples from conventional histologic paraffin blocks so that tissues from multiple patients can be seen on the same slide.
However, subsequent studies suggested that the decline of pDC in peripheral blood does not reflect a systemic depletion of these cells [28], [38], [39], and may involve relocation to lymphoid tissues, but failed to provide a mechanism that could explain the observations [38].
Importantly, a substantial fraction of antibody-secreting PCs express CD19 in contrast to CD20, which is downregulated during plasmablast differentiation in association with their relocation from secondary lymphoid tissue to PC depots in the BM or lamina propria.
The few exceptions that are tissue-specific apparently correspond to the relocation of pre-existing TADs to the nuclear lamina (Fig. 2D).
This may present a significant problem if the gene product is toxic to diverse cells (which for example could be expected for many sperm differentiation genes), and could result in a strong selective pressure toward relocation of the highly tissue-biased genes to the autosomes.
Evidence of higher levels of CD103 on pDC of HIV-1 patients may also indicate relocation of these cells to lymphoid tissues lining the gut mucosa.
Protein relocation to another compartment or even another tissue is also a possible cause.
