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In practical IMRT planning, the radiation beam weights are expected to be as weak as possible for reducing normal tissue doses.
To test for significance, paired t-tests were computed to examine differences in target and normal tissue doses and monitor units.
With the exception of localized skin dose, it is difficult to measure tissue doses directly, and instead quantities that can be measured directly, in combination with absorbed dose conversion coefficients, are used.
This is because of the unique depth-dose characteristics of protons, which can be exploited to achieve significant reductions in normal tissue doses proximal and distal to the target volume.
Validated PBPK models permit calculation of tissue doses of xenobiotics and metabolites for a variety of conditions, i.e. at low-doses, in different animal species, and in different members of a human population.
Briefly, rhesus monkeys received total-body exposure to midline tissue doses of 1.0, 3.5, 6.5 and 8.5 Gy (n = 6 per dose cohort), 60Co- γ irradiation at nominal dose rate of ∼60 cGy min−1.
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The dosimetric signal grows linearly with neutron dose from 6 35 Gy tissue dose.
Institutional criteria of prescription dose of 50 Gy for target volumes and normal tissue dose were met with this technique in spite of the challenging anatomy.
These qualitative and quantitative differences in differential gene expression, which correlate with differences in tissue dose, likely contribute to the disparate intestinal tumor outcomes.
We are currently evaluating whether superior tumor coverage and limited normal tissue dosing will lead to improvements in local control and survival in non-small cell lung cancer.
Its long physical half-life of 6.7 days and its higher retention in tumours compared to normal tissues provides an optimal ratio of tumour to normal tissue dose absorption.
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