Three sites (mesiobuccal, buccal, and distolingual) per tooth were examined, and gingival recession (GR, the distance in millimetres from the cemento-enamel junction to the gingival margin) and probing depth (PD, the distance from the tip of the probe to the gingival margin) were recorded, using a National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research periodontal probe.
The sphere changed location immediately on contact with the tip of the probe.
Each electrode consisted of a flexible polyurethane probe containing nine 40-μm platinum iridium microwires protruding ~4 mm into the tissue beyond the tip of the probe.
This involves using wide-field illumination to irradiate a relatively large volume of tissue and recording the acoustic waves in 2D at the tip of the probe.
The excitation wavelength was 590 nm and the pulse energy at the tip of the probe was 15 mJ/cm2, which is below the maximum permissible exposure for skin36.
Specifically, the PZT probe is 1-mm wide, 10-mm long, and 0.4-mm thick with a PZT thin-film diaphragm at the tip of the probe serving as an acoustic actuator.
The position of the sleeve from the tip of the probe (z = 0 mm) was varied within the range 14 ≤ z ≤ 22 mm while sleeve length was varied within 16 ≤ z ≤ 48 mm at 2 mm interval using operating frequency of 2.45 GHz.
Distortions of up to 1000 K of the burner-probe centerline flame temperature were found with the tip of the probe in the preheat zone and distortions of up to 500 K were observed with it in the reaction and postflame zones.
The tip of the probe glided in the air with no time limit.
Later, when a camera is installed at the tip of the probe, this control can be modified in order to define all the motions completely with respect to the local reference system located at the tip of the probe.
The tip of the probe was kept at a distance of 1 mm above the cortical surface.
