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In our study, although the timing to initiation of antiviral treatment was longer among patients with unsuspected influenza, a trend to lower mortality was seen in this group compared with patients with suspected influenza.
Among patients with unsuspected influenza, the timing to initiation of antiviral treatment was longer, and the rate of hospital-acquired influenza was higher compared with that of patients with suspected influenza.
In a multicentre retrospective Italian report as well as a single institution study from the United States, timing to initiation of treatment had no effect on survival (Gadducci et al, 2005; Aletti et al, 2007).
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In addition to initiation timing, duration has been investigated.
It is likely that the results would be influenced by timing of echocardiography relative to initiation and progress of therapy.
Viral load (VL) testing is an essential component of the care of HIV-positive individuals, both with regard to timing of initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and to monitoring of virologic response to combination ART (cART) [ 1].
However, to our knowledge, no study has examined the response to HAART among HIV-infected women according to timing of HAART initiation in relation to their pregnancy.
To confirm that timing of initiation relative to index visit did not significantly influence baseline clotting factor and protein levels, patients were stratified and these measurements compared between strata; trends in clotting factors relating to index day were also investigated.
The advantage of the Alternative strategy was less sensitive to timing of ART initiation (e.g., later ART initiation at CD4 <200 cells/μL as recommended in the 2006 WHO guidelines [ 25]), second-line virologic suppression, probability of later virologic failure after initial suppression, and increases in the proportion of discordant response to ART.
Cox proportional hazards models compared rates of HIV disease progression (ADE/death) according to timing of HAART initiation, both unadjusted and adjusted for the propensity of belonging to a particular HAART initiation category (before, during, or after pregnancy).
However, there was insufficient evidence to conclude that the rate of disease progression differed according to the timing of HAART initiation relative to pregnancy.
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