Achieving optimal timing of cooling was no better in surviving versus dying populations.
The timing of the early cooling phase (∼38 33 Ma) corresponds with the apatite U-Pb ages, indicating rapid cooling to at least ∼100 °C during the late Oligocene.
This increase in sediment supply coincided with the timing of major climate cooling that occurred from ∼50 to 45 ka onwards.
The variations in exsolution patterns of the pyroxenes may reflect subtle variations in the timing of crystallization, the cooling rate from location to location in the rock, and the effects of pyroxene Mg# on the inversion temperature.
The use of hypothermia has been associated with improved outcomes for survivors from CA; however, it has been suggested that the timing of the induced cooling may influence its beneficial effects.
However, the timing and rate of cooling during the Langhian are uncertain.
Further prospective trials are urgently required to provide answers to the key questions surrounding cooling post OHCA, particularly to determine the optimum means, timing and rate of cooling.
However, these trials have not yet shown clear evidence for the optimal timing of initiating MTH, rate of cooling and time to reach the target temperature after CA. So far, the benefits of early or rapid cooling have only been demonstrated in animal models testing the effects of brief periods of therapeutic hypothermia.
Since 2002 few studies have examined the optimum method, rate of cooling and timing of initiation.
Furthermore, promising treatment protocols for the induction of hypothermia have been optimized (optimal magnitude, duration, timing, cooling method and cooling or rewarming) and evaluated [14 29].
