However, there was deficiency in timing accuracy resulting from the engagement of software in realization of timing function and timing jitter due to poor isolation in output ports.
The aim of this study was to assess to assess timing processes with varying demands on the motor system in presymptomatic (pHD), symptomatic HD (HD) and healthy controls to estimate if the assessment of timing of timing functions may be of clinical value in the diagnosis of HD.
Since the basal ganglia system is implicated in interval timing, we predicted stereotyping starlings would show altered timing functions as a result of the basal ganglia dysfunction: perseverative pecking would lead to timing functions that were broader and shifted to longer intervals.
Property 2 The maximum value of the timing function (6) occurs at k = θ and m = L under the conditions of σ x 2 h ( L ) 2 > σ w 2 and σ x 2 h ( 0 ) 2 > σ w 2. (The signal power induced by the channel tap is larger than the AWGN power).
This work also identifies the symbol timing in the middle of the ISI-free region by estimating the channel length through use of the proposed timing function.
Before doing so, some properties of the timing function are introduced first.
Simulation results indicate that the maximum value of the timing function occurs at the correct timing offset when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is high.
Since random fluctuation of the timing function is unavoidable, the channel length is also determined to assist in locating the symbol timing at the middle of the ISI-free region.
Property 3 For high SNRs, the maximum value of the timing function (6) occurs at k = θ and m = L (without the constraint that the signal power induced by the channel tap should be larger than the AWGN power).
Based on Properties 2 and 3, the timing offset θ and the channel length L are estimated according to the maximum point of the timing function Λ k; m): ( θ ^, L ^ ) = a r g max k max m Λ ( k, m ).
