We attempted to fit a single log or exp function to the sum of multiple decay functions with multiple timescale relaxations.
Hence, the trajectory simply follows (mathscr {M}_{s}), and a standard two-timescale relaxation oscillation results.
This procedure makes it unnecessary to simulate explicitly any long-timescale relaxation process.
NPQ can be divided into several steps according to the timescale of relaxation of chlorophyll fluorescence after reaching a steady state (i.e., the fast phase, qE; middle phase, qZ or qT; and slow phase, qI).
To probe conformational fluctuations in the ms timescale, N effective relaxation rates (R 2,eff which is the sum of the intrinsic relaxation rate, R 2 0 and the chemical exchange rate, Rex) were measured for WT-ACD using pulse sequences described in literature (Korzhnev et al., 2004).
Simulations for a 200-bp-long DNA supercoil in complex with topo IB reveal a relaxation timescale of ∼0.1 1.0 μs.
In terms of timescale the interfacial relaxation is almost identical for Stöber and A300, and slightly faster for silica gel.
Due to the high value of the asthenosphere viscosity, the timescale of viscoelastic relaxation is typically much longer than that of afterslip, i.e. (theta ^prime gg theta).
The timescale of radial relaxation decreases significantly as the volume of the melt pool becomes large (as in the case of a giant impact), especially in the case of a non-Newtonian rheology for the solid part of the proto-planet, which makes the rapid formation of a global magma ocean by isostatic re-adjustment following a giant impact highly likely.
The radial relaxation timescale for a Mars-size body has been estimated by Reese and Solomatov (2006) and varies by five to six orders of magnitude depending on the volume of the impact-induced melt pool and the rheology of the underlying crystalline mantle.
