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Zullig et al evaluated racial differences in stage-specific timeliness measures, such as time from surgery to initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy and surgery to surveillance colonoscopy.
While the EP-BE data exhibited validity and timeliness measures comparable to the ED data, this result could not be confirmed by the EP-AT data since low case occurrence inhibited validity and timeliness assessment.
To evaluate the performance of a common syndromic influenza surveillance approach based on the EMD, EP and ED data from different European regions during the autumn/winter wave of the A(H1N1) influenza pandemic, we focus on the validity components, sensitivity and specificity, as well as on timeliness measures as described by Buehler et al. [ 21].
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# Governmental performance was assessed by 6 items: Timeliness of measures; effectiveness of implemented measures; clear explanations made to citizens; adequacy of implemented measures; coordination across governmental departments; overall performance of the government.
* Governmental performance was assessed by 6 items: Timeliness of measures taken; effectiveness of implemented measures; clear explanations made to citizens; adequacy of Implemented measures; coordination across governmental departments; overall performance of the government.
Main outcome measures Timeliness of detection, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values, and area under the ROC curve.
Similar to other cohort studies in resource-constrained settings [6], adherence to ART was estimated by measuring timeliness of patient visits to scheduled medicine pick-up appointments at clinic-based pharmacies [21] [23] during the first six months of ART.
In order to measure timeliness, that is how quickly a hotspot is detected, we used the time-to-signal as suggested in [ 15].
The second problem in measuring timeliness is that intervals for notification and latent periods are not fixed but distributed, possibly with a large variance.
These overall risk scores were interpreted with empirical thresholds determined according to desired specificity levels, and the corresponding sensitivity and timeliness levels were measured.
Ivanov, et al. [ 6] use the Exponentially Weighted Moving Average smoother to measure timeliness, sensitivity, and specificity of free-text chief complaints (information describing patient's status on the ED visit).
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