Wu et al. (2009a) inferred that the variation in recovery time scale caused by site condition could be much more important than the input ground motion, as the recovery time scale observed at different sites under similar levels of ground motion could differ significantly.
Tension-induced gene expression is unlikely to explain the accumulation of plaque proteins at the time scale observed in our experiments.
These changes suggest that, on the time scale observed (5 total days of culture), decreases in modulus from that of fibrotic tissue (E ∼ 32 kPa) to that of healthy tissue (E ∼ 7 kPa) led to fibroblast de-activation and quiescence, indicating that matrix modulus alone can alter fibroblast fate over relatively short times.
The 0.2±0.2 s t50 difference observed in this study is comparable to the time scales observed above.
Segev et al. [2] argued that dynamical synapses, dynamical thresholds of neural firing and inhomogeneous neural resistance were the sources of the long time scales observed.
The contradictory chemical exchange time scales observed by FCS and NMR, particularly for ih GFP S65T, can be reconciled under a two-site model and highlight the possibly misleading nature of either one taken separately because of their intrinsic sensitivity to chemical exchange processes on differing time scales.
The model is built on our current understanding of helminth epidemiology [7], [9], [10], [14], [16], [37], [38], [39] and its outputs are consistent with the re-infection time-scales observed in comparable field studies [29], [30].
Bursting is a manifestation of composite, multiple time scale dynamics observed in various fields of science as diverse as food chain ecosystems, nonlinear optics, medical studies of the human immune system, and neuroscience.
Enzyme KIEs and the framework of EA-VTST/MT have been used to study the N23PP/S148A mutant of EcDHFR, which does not present the millisecond-to-microsecond time scale motions observed in the M20 loop of wild-type EcDHFR and which displays a reduced hydride transfer rate constant.
While two years of exclusion from browsers is a short time scale to observe changes in overall tree population structures (e.g. of individual species or in the larger height classes), this experiment shows that by manipulating disturbance factors (e.g. herbivory), changes in recruitment can be demonstrated within a short time interval (cf. [7]; 3 years).
In this pressure study, however, a single measurement does not provide the sufficient time scale to observe these changes.
