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Limitations of ITS include the need for a minimum of 8 time periods before and 8 after an intervention to evaluate changes statistically, difficulty in analyzing the independent impact of separate components of a program that are implemented close together in time, and existence of a suitable control population.
Survival was compared between two time periods (before and after 2010).
Specific patterns of atrophy were identified at four time periods before diagnosis of probable AD and features were selected as regions of interest within these patterns.
Clinical data were obtained by retrospective chart review for time periods before (May to September 2003) and after (May to September 2005) the introduction of the CPG worksheet.
Furthermore, to obtain a stable record for the ACFs, 1 h ACFs for 1 week time periods before the corresponding dates were stacked.
Fig. 5 Estimated distributions of crime at places across different time periods: before 1990, from 1990 to 1999, and after 1999.
Threshold force measurements were obtained over several time periods before and after the pigs received a 0.25 ml subcutaneous injection of 3% carrageenan in 0.01 M phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or PBS in the hind foot.
The addition of excess HCl to the filtrate was done to prevent possible adsorption of carbon dioxide by the base and was necessary since the solutions were required to stand for extended time periods before analysis (Pholosi et al. 2013).
My second specification is based on a fixed effects model, which controls for unobserved (time-constant) variables affecting both preferences and marriage decisions by taking the difference of observations in time periods before and after marriage for the same individual.
However, we found that men were more likely to consider a Natech accident as a threat to their lives or property in two time periods: before the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami and just after the earthquake shaking.
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Design: Two separate treatment groups, comparing 2 treatment alternatives at different time periods (before-after trial).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com