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However, viruses can also activate NF-kB to block apoptosis and prolong survival of the host cell in order to gain time for replication and increase the production of viral progeny [ 44].
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The gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli contains one complete chromosome when its generation time is longer than the time required for replication and segregation of the chromosome.
The strong replication-biased structuring of the Sulfolobus chromosome implies that the multiple replication origins serve purposes other than simply shortening the time required for replication.
Our study reports a strong replication-biased structuring of the Sulfolobus chromosome which implies that the multiple replication origins serve purposes other than only shortening the time required for replication.
Temperature, rainfall, and humidity are critical to mosquito survival and reproduction; the higher temperatures minimize the required time for virus replication and dissemination in the mosquito.
Cultures were incubated at 37°C and 5% CO2, for as long as 21 days, the mean time for mycobacterial replication.
Anti-apoptosis is often seen in the early stage of a PRRSv infection: this is beneficial for the virus since anti-apoptosis expands time for viral replication in macrophages [ 48, 49].
Also, we determined more precisely the time of replication for selected islands and compared them to data reported by Woodfine et al. [ 18, 19].
The time of replication (Trep) for each locus was calculated as the time at which that locus reached half maximal replication.
For comparison with time of replication and conserved elements, similar analyses were performed except that the number of overlapping bp between SARs and the target data set was assessed.
A numerical value approximating the time of replication was determined for each PCR marker tested using a previously described weighted average method [ 32].
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