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As central-place foragers, colonial seabirds should be able to compensate, up to some threshold, for changing breeding conditions by remaining flexible in the amount of time allocated to foraging versus other activities.
It highlights the fact that for some values of k and ε, group size has a positive effect on the individual time allocated to foraging without hampering the efficiency of vigilance at the group level.
We fitted a linear mixed effects model to explain variation in time allocated to foraging immediately following a conspecific alarm call playback.
Age class, sex, age class*sex, pup presence, body condition (X ± SD = 0.595 ± 1.011, N = 91), and number of previous playbacks heard (X ± SD = 0.461 ± 0.294, N = 91) significantly explained variation in time allocated to foraging following playbacks (Table 2).
For all described analyses, we explored time allocated to vigilance as an additional dependent variable, and while results were similar, time allocated to foraging was the more sensitive measure.
We focused on time allocated to foraging as our dependent measure; marmots typically tradeoff between foraging and vigilance within a foraging bout, and this measure therefore captures information about perceived risk.
Similar(53)
In the current study we derived face time, defined as the proportion of total looking time allocated to faces, and face foraging, defined as the likelihood that the face will be sampled relative to all other sampled AOIs.
However, we noticed a higher amount of time allocated to sleeping at the expense of foraging, probably because ducks in our study had ad libitum access to food, in a familiar environment.
The amount of time allocated to each frame for the lost-time statistics file.
The time allocated to the presentation is observed.
The fraction of total transmission time allocated to station is.
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