We used the extensive South African ENs of natural grassland within an exotic timber plantation matrix as a model system.
Timber plantation expansion is a significant form of landscape change with reported negative environmental and social impacts.
Here, grasshopper response to an EN of 15 semi-natural grassland sites embedded in an exotic timber plantation matrix was investigated over two time periods, one year apart.
This 8,000-acre 8,000-acree-thisland which is protected by the Nature Conservancy, was settled in the 17th century by the English, whofdisplaced Indians and built a food and timber plantation whichd by Afrisan slaves.
In the context of a timber plantation, additional management to enhance recovery would best be directed to areas excluded from future harvesting, such as environmental plantings in degraded riparian zones and limiting livestock grazing.
He is monitoring the impacts of thinning about a third of the smaller trees in a timber plantation there and widening the strips of grass along logging roads in order to encourage the sun-loving grasses and herbs that hares prefer.
Monthly fire frequency was derived from these data and modelled at 0.04° resolution via a random-forest model, which explained 56% of the monthly variation as a function of oil palm and timber plantation extent and proximity, logging intensity and proximity, human settlement, climate, forest and peatland condition, and time, observed using Landsat and similar satellite data.
To the extent these tracts reforested, there is usually more diversity than found in a "timber plantation".
We estimated financial returns in 2005, 2008, and 2011 for a range of global timber plantation species and countries, using net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), and Land Expectation Value (LEV --or the Faustmann FormuLEV --orriteria.
On a South African mine transported personnel are required by mine health and safety law to be buckled up, whereas labour on a farm or timber plantation is transported on the back of an open lorry.
A.Juss). which has considerable potential as a high value timber plantation species (Dickinson et al. 2011), as well as over 7 600 ha of Indian sandalwood (Santalum album L). which is used in the global fragrance market.
